Dentistry and St. Louis Essay Example

Dentistry and St. Louis Paper 1. American Academy of Periodontology. Glossary of periodontal terms. 4th ed. Chicago: American Academy of Periodontology; 2001. *2. Anusavice KJ, Phillips RW. Phillips science of dental materials. 11th ed. St. Louis: W. B. Saunders; 2003. 3. Aschheim KW, Dale BG. Esthetic dentistry: a clinical approach to techniques and materials. 2nd ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2001. 4. Ash MM, Nelson SJ. Wheelers dental anatomy, physiology, and occlusion. 8th ed. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders; 2003. 5. Ash MM, Ramfjord S. Occlusion. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1995. 6. Avery JK, Chiego DJ. Essentials of oral histology and embryology: a clinical approach. 3rd ed. St. Louis: Mosby, Elsevier; 2006. 7. Bagg J. Essentials of microbiology for dental students. 2nd ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2005. 8. Baynes JW, Dominiczak MH. Medical biochemistry. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Mosby; 2005. 9. Berne RM, Levy MN, Koeppen BM, Stanton BA. Physiology. 5th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2004. 10. Block MS, Kent JN, Guerra L. Implants in dentistry: essentials of endosseous implants for maxillofacial reconstruction. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1997. 11. Brown P, Herbranson E. Tooth atlas. 5th ed.: Quintessence Publishing Co. ; 2007. 12. Burt BA, Eklund SA. Dentistry, dental practice, and the community. 6th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier Saunders; 2005. * 13. Carr AB, McGivney GP, Brown DT, McCracken WL. McCrackens removable partial prosthodontics. 11th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2005. * 14. Cohen S, Burns RC. Pathways of the pulp. 9th ed. St. Louis: Mosby, Elsevier; 2006. *15. Craig RG, Powers JM, Sakaguchi RL. Craigs restorative dental materials. 12th ed. St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier; 2006. 16. Craig RG, Powers JM, Wataha JC. Dental materials: properties and manipulation. 8th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2004. We will write a custom essay sample on Dentistry and St. Louis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Dentistry and St. Louis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Dentistry and St. Louis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer 17. Daskalogiannakis J. Glossary of orthodontic terms. Chicago; London: Quintessence Publishing Co. ; 2000. 18. Dorland WAN. Dorlands illustrated medical dictionary. 31st ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2007. * 19. Enlow DH, Hans MG. Essentials of facial growth. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders; 1996. 20. Finkbeiner B. Mosbys comprehensive review of dental assisting. Mosby; 1997. 21. Finkbeiner BL, Finkbeiner CA. Practice management for the dental team. 6th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2006. 22. Forest D. Medecine buccale: methodologie du diagnostic. 2e ed. Boucherville, Quebec: G. Morin; 1994. 23. Gage TW, Pickett FA. Mosbys dental drug reference. 7th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier Mosby; 2005. 24. Gartner LP, Hiatt JL. Color textbook of histology. 3rd ed. Edinburgh: Elsevier Saunders; 2007. 25. Gluck GM, Morganstein WM. Jongs community dental health. 5th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2003. * 26. Graber TM, Vanarsdall RL, Vig KWL. Orthodontics: current principles techniques. 4th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier Mosby; 2005. * 27. Guyton AC, Hall JE. Textbook of medical physiology. 11th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2006. 28. Haines DE. Fundamental neuroscience for basic and clinical applications. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier; 2006. * 29. Brunton LL, Lazo J, Parker K. Goodman Gilmans pharmacological basis of therapeutics. 11th ed. : McGraw-Hill; 2006. * 30. Ingle JI. PDQ endodontics. 5th ed. : BC Decker Inc. ; 2005. 31. Ingle JI, Bakland LK. Endodontics. 5th ed. Hamilton, Ont. London: BC Decker Inc. ; 2002. 32. Jekel JF. Epidemiology, biostatistics, and preventive medicine. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders/Elsevier; 2007. 33. Jordan RE. Esthetic composite bonding: techniques and materials. 2nd ed. St. Louis;Toronto: Mosby Year Book; 1993. *34. Katzung BG. Basic and clinical pharmacology. 10th ed. : McGraw-Hill Professional; 2007. 35. Kumar V, Abbas AK, Fausto N, Robbins SL, Cotran RS. Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease / [edited by] Vinay Kumar, Abul K. Abbas, Nelson Fausto ; with. 7th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2005. * 36. Kumar V, Robbins SL. Robbins basic pathology. 8th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders/Elsevier; 2007. 37. Langlais RP. Exercises in oral radiology and interpretation. 4th ed. St. Louis: Saunders; 2004. 38. Liebgott B. The anatomical basis of dentistry. 2nd ed. St. Louis; Toronto: Mosby; 2001. *39. Little JW. Dental management of the medically compromised patient. 7th ed. St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier; 2008. 40. Logan BM, Reynolds PA, Hutchings RT, McMinn RMH. McMinns color atlas of head and neck anatomy. 3rd ed. Edinburgh; Toronto: Mosby; 2004. 41. Lund JP. Orofacial pain: from basic science to clinical management. Chicago: Quintessence Publishing Co. ; 2001. 42. Malamed SF. Sedation: a guide to patient management. 4th ed. St. Louis; Toronto: Mosby; 2003. 43. Malamed SF. Handbook of local anesthesia. 5th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier Mosby; 2004. 44. Malamed SF, Orr DL. Medical emergencies in the dental office.6th ed. St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier; 2007. 45. Male D. Immunology. 7th ed. : Mosby Inc. ; 2006. *46. McDonald RE, Avery DR, Dean JA. Dentistry for the child and adolescent. 8th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2004. * 47. Misch CE. Contemporary implant dentistry. 2nd ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 1999. 48. Mohl ND. A textbook of occlusion. Chicago: Quintessence Publishing Co. ; 1988. 49. Moore KL, Persaud TVN. The developing human: clinically oriented embryology. 7th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2003. 50. Murray PR, Rosenthal KS, Pfaller MA. Medical microbiology. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Mosby; 2005. 51. Nanci A, Ten Cate AR. Ten Cates oral histology: development, structure, and function. 6th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2003. *52. Neville BW. Oral maxillofacial pathology. 2nd ed. Philadelphia; Toronto: W. B. Saunders; 2002. *53. Newman MG. Carranzas clinical periodontology. 10th ed. : W. B. Saunders; 2006. 54. Nisengard RJ, Newman MG. Oral microbiology and immunology. 2nd ed. Philadelphia; Montreal: Saunders; 1994. 55. Nizel AE, Papas AS. Nutrition in clinical dentistry. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1989. 56. Nolte J, Sundsten JW. The human brain: an introduction to its functional anatomy. 5th ed. St. Louis; Toronto: Mosby; 2002. 57. Okeson JP. Management of temporomandibular disorders and occlusion. 5th ed. St. Louis; Toronto: Mosby; 2003. * 58. Peterson LJ. Contemporary oral and maxillofacial surgery. 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2003. *59. Phoenix RD, Cagna DR, DeFreest CF, Stewart KL. Stewarts clinical removable partial prosthodontics. 3rd ed. Chicago: Quintessence; 2003. 60. Pinkham JR. Pediatric dentistry: infancy through adolescence. 4th ed. Philadelphia; London: Elsevier Saunders; 2005. * 61. Proffit WR, Fields HW, Sarver DM. Contemporary orthodontics. 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier; 2007. * 62. Regezi JA, Sciubba JJ, Jordan RCK. Oral pathology: clinical pathologic correlations. 4th ed. St. Louis: Saunders; 2003. * 63. Roberson TM, Heymann H, Swift EJ, Sturdevant CM. Sturdevants art and science of operative dentistry. 5th ed. St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier; 2006. * 64. Rose LF, Mealey BL. Periodontics: medicine, surgery and implants. Elsevier Mosby; 2004. *65. Rosenstiel SF, Land MF, Fujimoto J. Contemporary fixed prosthodontics. 4th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier Mosby; 2006. * 66. Samaranayake LP. Essential microbiology for dentistry. 3rd ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 2006. * 67. Sapp JP, Eversole LR, Wysocki GP. Contemporary oral and maxillofacial pathology. 2nd ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2004. 68. Shillingburg HT, Jacobi R, Brackett SE. Fundamentals of tooth preparations for cast metal and porcelain restorations. 2nd ed. : Quintessence Publishing Co. ; 1991. * 69. Shillingburg HT. Fundamentals of fixed prosthodontics. 3rd ed. Chicago: Quintessence Publishing Co. ; 1997. 70. Sonis ST, Fazio RC, Fang LST. Principles and practice of oral medicine. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1995. * 71. Standring S, Ellis H, Healey JC. Grays anatomy, the anatomical basis of clinical practice. 39th ed. : Elsevier; 2005. 72. Stevens A, Lowe JS, Young B. Wheaters basic histopathology: a colour atlas and text. 4th ed. Edinburgh; Toronto: Churchill Livingstone; 2002. *73. Summitt JB. Fundamentals of operative dentistry: a contemporary approach. 3rd ed. Chicago: Quintessence Publishing Co. ; 2006. * 74. Walton RE, Torabinejad M. Principles and practice of endodontics. 3rd ed. Philadelphia; London: Saunders; 2002. * 75. Weine FS. Endodontic therapy. 6th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2004. * 76. White SC, Pharoah MJ. Oral radiology: principles and interpretation. 5th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2004. *77. Wood NK. Review of diagnosis, oral medicine, radiology, and treatment planning. 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 1999. 78. Yagiela JA, Dowd FJ, Neidle EA. Pharmacology and therapeutics for dentistry. 5th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2004. 79. Young B. Wheaters functional histology: a text and colour atlas. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier; 2006. * 80. Zarb GA, Bolender CL, Eckert SE. Prosthodontic treatment for edentulous patients: complete dentures and implant-supported prostheses. 12th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2004. 81. Zwemer T. Mosbys dental dictionnary. 2nd ed. : Mosby Inc. ; 2004.

History of the Scanning Tunneling Microscope

History of the Scanning Tunneling Microscope The scanning tunneling microscope or STM is widely used in both industrial and fundamental research to obtain atomic scale images of metal surfaces. It provides a three-dimensional profile of the surface and provides useful information for characterizing surface roughness, observing surface defects and determining the size and conformation of molecules and aggregates.   Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer are the inventors of the scanning tunneling microscope (STM).  Invented in 1981, the device provided the first images of individual atoms on the surfaces of materials. Gerd Binning and  Heinrich Rohrer Binnig, along with colleague Rohrer, was awarded the Nobel Prize in physics in 1986 for his work in scanning tunneling microscopy. Born in Frankfurt, Germany in 1947, Dr. Binnig attended J.W. Goethe University in Frankfurt and received a bachelors degree in 1973 as well as a doctorate five years later in 1978. He joined a physics research group at IBMs Zurich Research Laboratory that same year. Dr. Binnig was assigned to IBMs Almaden Research Center in San Jose, California from 1985 to 1986 and was a visiting professor at nearby Stanford University from 1987 to 1988. He was appointed an IBM Fellow in 1987 and remains a research staff member at IBMs Zurich Research Laboratory.   Born in Buchs, Switzerland in 1933, Dr. Rohrer was educated at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, where he received his bachelors degree in 1955 and his doctorate in 1960. After doing post-doctoral work at the Swiss Federal Institute and Rutgers University in the U.S., Dr. Rohrer joined IBMs newly formed Zurich Research Laboratory to study among other things Kondo materials and antiferromagnets. He then turned his attention to scanning tunneling microscopy. Dr. Rohrer was appointed an IBM Fellow in 1986 and was manager of the Physical Sciences Department at the Zurich Research Laboratory from 1986 to 1988. He retired from IBM in July 1997 and passed away on  May 16, 2013. Binnig and Rohrer were recognized for developing the powerful microscopy technique that  forms an image of individual atoms on a metal or semiconductor surface by scanning the tip of a needle over the surface at a height of only a few atomic diameters. They shared the award with German scientist Ernst Ruska, the  designer of the first electron microscope. Several  scanning microscopies use the scanning technology developed for the STM. Russell Young and the Topografiner A similar microscope called the Topografiner was invented by Russell Young and his  colleagues between 1965 and 1971 at the National Bureau of Standards, currently known as the National Institute of Standards and Technology.  This microscope works on the principle  that the left and right piezo drivers scan the tip over and slightly above the specimen surface. The center piezo is controlled by a servo system to maintain a constant voltage, which results in a consistent  vertical separation between the tip and the surface. An electron multiplier detects the tiny fraction of the tunneling current which is scattered by the specimen surface.

Corporate governance Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Corporate governance - Coursework Example Cadbury Report highlights the role of Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. The Chairman must not be allowed to become CEO and the same is applicable to the vice versa at the same. The Chairman is primarily responsible for the board’s working, and for its membership balance subject to board and approval of shareholders (ecgi, web). The Greenbury report focuses on the directors’ remuneration (icaew). The fundamental aim of this report is to identify good practice in identifying and determining directors’ remuneration; besides reporting a code of practice for UK PLCs. The Hampel report was designed to review the Cadbury report on corporate governance. Basically, this report enumerates all the elements discussed in the Cadbury report; this report talks about the role of directors and shareholders, directors’ remuneration, accountability and audit (ecgi, web). The Turnbull report talks about the internal controls. As the internal controls are the significant e lements of the corporate governance, the Turnbull report describes the significance and elements of a sound system of internal control (portal. survey, web). The Higgs Review puts light on the role of non-executive directors (national archieves, web). In this report, besides considerably stipulating the significance of the role of non-executive directors, the much emphasis is also placed on the effective role of non-executive directors. 2- Discuss the difference between the principles –based approach and the rules-based approach and highlight the advantages and disadvantages of each for the practice of corporate governance. Answer The principles-based approach is applied in UK; on the other hand, the rules-based approach is applied in United States of America. The principles-based approach is based on the concept of â€Å"comply or explain approach.† Under this approach, a company is either to comply with the requirements mentioned in the framework or to explain a deci sion of non-compliance. On the other hand, a US corporation cannot avail this option; it has to comply with the requirements of the framework issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission. The principles-based approach is mostly driven by the market forces. As a result, if a company wants to avoid complying with the corporate governance Codes, and additionally if the company has valid reason to do so, this can increase the chances for more investment, which will generate more employment opportunities. The disadvantage of this approach is that if the UK government or a regulatory authority wants to enforce certain corporate practices, it may not be easy for them to do so. The major of advantage of rules-based approach is that a company will find it difficult to circumvent the unpleasant rules. As a result, this approach considerably reduces the chances of mal-corporate practices. In addition, investors knowing corporate governance structure of a company; would not avoid investing further into the company as their confidence level has considerably improved after the implementation of the rules-based approach. However, some disadvantages cannot be avoided. The rules-based approach are mandatory to be followed, some companies may avoid investing in the United States of America as there are inflexible corporate rules. In addition, existing companies may disinvest due to the presence of such rigid rules. 3-What is board effectiveness? Discuss how this can be achieved for UK firms. Use